Are There Hypoallergenic Cats?

What actually causes cat allergies?

Most people think they're allergic to cat fur. They're not. The primary allergen is a protein called Fel d 1, produced mainly in the cat's saliva and sebaceous (skin) glands. When cats groom themselves, they spread Fel d 1 across their fur, which then becomes airborne as the fur sheds and dries. It's the protein, not the hair itself, that triggers the allergic response. This is why even hairless cats can cause allergies; they still produce Fel d 1 on their skin.

Which breeds produce less Fel d 1?

Some breeds are reported to produce lower levels of the allergen, though individual variation exists within every breed. Breeds commonly cited as better options for allergy sufferers include the Siberian (which has been studied and shown to produce lower Fel d 1 levels in some individuals), the Balinese, the Russian Blue, the Bengal, and the Sphynx (which, despite being hairless, still produces the protein but has less fur to spread it). Female cats and neutered males tend to produce less Fel d 1 than intact males.

What else can help?

If you're mildly allergic and committed to having a cat, several strategies can reduce exposure. Regular bathing of the cat (which removes surface allergen), HEPA air purifiers, frequent vacuuming with a HEPA-filter vacuum, keeping the cat out of the bedroom, and washing hands after handling the cat all help. Some people also find their allergies improve with prolonged exposure as their immune system adjusts, though this varies widely and isn't guaranteed. For severe allergies, consulting an allergist before getting a cat is the wisest move.