Why Is My Dog Throwing Up And Having Diarrhea?
QUICK ANSWER
Vomiting and diarrhea happening together in dogs is usually caused by dietary indiscretion (eating something they shouldn't have), a sudden food change, a stomach virus, or stress. While most cases resolve on their own within 24 to 48 hours, the combination can cause rapid dehydration, especially in puppies and small dogs.
When your dog is vomiting and having diarrhea at the same time, it's hard not to worry. In most cases, it's a short-lived upset that passes within a day or two. But because the combination can dehydrate a dog fast, knowing when to wait it out versus when to get help matters.
What usually causes vomiting and diarrhea together?
The most common cause is dietary indiscretion, which is the veterinary term for "your dog ate something they shouldn't have." Garbage, table scraps, spoiled food, a new treat, or even a sudden change in dog food can upset the stomach and irritate the intestines at the same time. Viral infections (like canine parvovirus in unvaccinated dogs), bacterial infections, intestinal parasites, and stress-related gastritis can also cause both symptoms simultaneously.
Can I manage it at home?
If your adult dog vomits once or twice and has a mild bout of diarrhea but is still alert, drinking water, and acting fairly normal, you can often manage it at home for 24 hours. Many veterinarians suggest withholding food for 12 to 24 hours to let the stomach rest, then reintroducing a bland diet (boiled chicken and plain rice) in small amounts. Make sure fresh water is always available to prevent dehydration. If symptoms improve over 24 to 48 hours, gradually transition back to their regular food.
When is it an emergency?
Take your dog to the vet right away if you see blood in the vomit or stool, if the vomiting or diarrhea persists beyond 24 hours, if your dog is lethargic or unable to keep water down, if their gums are pale or tacky (a sign of dehydration), or if they have a swollen or painful abdomen. Puppies under 6 months, senior dogs, and small breeds are at higher risk of dehydration and should be seen sooner. If your dog is unvaccinated and showing these symptoms, parvovirus is a serious concern that requires immediate veterinary testing. The AVMA emphasizes that persistent vomiting and diarrhea in unvaccinated puppies should be treated as a potential parvo case until proven otherwise.
Why does my dog keep throwing up their food specifically?
If your dog vomits undigested food shortly after eating, they may be eating too fast, which can be solved with a slow-feeder bowl. If they vomit partially digested food hours later, it could indicate a motility issue, a food intolerance, or a stomach condition like gastritis. Regurgitation (food coming back up passively, without heaving) is different from vomiting and can point to esophageal problems. If food-related vomiting keeps happening, your vet can determine whether it's a structural, dietary, or motility issue.
Most dogs bounce back from a bout of vomiting and diarrhea within a day or two with supportive care. The biggest risk is dehydration, so keeping water available and monitoring your dog closely is essential. If things aren't improving or they seem to be getting worse, don't wait; get your vet involved.
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