Why Do Dogs Reverse Sneeze?
QUICK ANSWER
Reverse sneezing (paroxysmal respiration) is a sudden, repeated inhalation through the nose that produces a loud snorting or honking sound. It's caused by irritation of the soft palate or throat and is usually triggered by excitement, pulling on a leash, allergens, or nasal irritants. It looks scary but is almost always harmless.
The first time you witness a reverse sneeze, you'll probably think your dog is choking, having an asthma attack, or dying. It sounds terrible. But in almost every case, it's a completely harmless reflex that stops on its own within 30 seconds.
What does a reverse sneeze look and sound like?
During a reverse sneeze, a dog stands still, extends their neck, and rapidly pulls air in through their nose in short, forceful bursts, producing a loud snorting, honking, or gagging sound. Their chest and sides may heave, and their eyes might bulge slightly. It can look like they're struggling to breathe, but air is actually moving freely; it's the rapid inhalation through the nasal passages that creates the dramatic sound. Episodes typically last 15 to 30 seconds and stop as suddenly as they started.
What triggers it?
The reverse sneeze is triggered by irritation or inflammation of the nasopharynx (the area where the nasal passages meet the throat). Common triggers include excitement, pulling on a collar (which puts pressure on the throat), eating or drinking too fast, allergens like pollen or dust, perfume or household chemicals, sudden temperature changes, and post-nasal drip. Small and brachycephalic breeds (Pugs, Bulldogs, Shih Tzus, Chihuahuas) are more prone because of their shorter nasal passages and elongated soft palates.
What should I do during an episode?
Stay calm. The episode will almost always resolve on its own. You can try gently stroking your dog's throat to encourage swallowing, which can help reset the soft palate. Briefly covering the nostrils (for just a second) can cause the dog to swallow and clear the irritation. Some owners find that offering a small treat or water after the episode helps. Don't panic, don't restrain your dog, and don't stick your fingers in their mouth.
When is a reverse sneeze a concern?
Occasional reverse sneezing is normal and nothing to worry about. See your vet if episodes become very frequent (multiple times a day), if they last longer than a minute, if your dog seems to have difficulty breathing between episodes, if there's nasal discharge or bleeding, or if the episodes started suddenly after your dog has never had them before. In rare cases, what looks like a reverse sneeze can actually be a sign of nasal polyps, foreign objects, nasal mites, or a respiratory condition that needs treatment.
Reverse sneezing sounds way worse than it is. Once you've seen it a few times, you'll recognize it instantly and know to just wait it out. If it's occasional, it's just a quirk. If it becomes frequent or changes in character, a quick vet check makes sure nothing more is going on.
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